the Camenae

Reading notes

• The Secular Hymn §61-64 Muses

  The nine Camenae, old Italian goddesses of song identified with the Muses, dear to Apollo the patron of poetry.

• The Odes §2.16 Greek Muse

  The Latin Muse (Camena) in Greek lyric guise, Horace's modest but truth-given gift.

• The Odes §3.4 Camenae

  The Italian Muses, to whom Horace owes his safety and his far travels.

• The Odes §4.6 Daunian Muse

  The Italian (Apulian) Muse whose 'honor' Apollo is begged to defend.

• The Epistles §1.1 Muse

  Old Italian goddesses of springs and song identified with the Muses; 'delighting in the country,' they grant Vergil his tender, graceful gift.

• The Satires §1.10 the Muses who delight

  The Camenae, old Italian song-goddesses identified with the Muses; 'delighting in the country,' they grant Vergil his tender, graceful gift.