the Parthians

Reading notes

• The Odes §1.12 Parthians

  The eastern enemy threatening Latium, to be led in 'just triumph.'

• The Odes §1.19 Parthian

  The eastern horse-archer 'spirited with his wheeling horse,' another forbidden martial theme.

• The Odes §1.21 Persians

  The eastern enemy (Parthians) onto whom calamity is to be turned.

• The Odes §2.13 Parthian

  Whose arrows and feigned flight the Roman soldier dreads, as the Parthian dreads Roman chains.

• The Odes §3.2 Parthians

  Rome's eastern foe; the soldier-boy is to harry them as a dreaded horseman.

• The Odes §3.5 Persians

  The 'grievous Persians' (Parthians) whose conquest would deify Augustus.

• The Odes §4.5 Parthian

  None need dread him while Caesar is safe.

• The Odes §4.15 Parthians

  From whose 'proud doorposts' Augustus recovered the lost Roman standards.

• The Epistles §1.18 Parthian

  The mounted archers of the Iranian empire east of Rome, emblematic of the warfare Horace declines to versify.

• The Epodes §7 the Parthians

  Rome's eastern enemy, who would gladly see Rome destroy herself; civil war fulfils 'the Parthians' prayers.'

• The Satires §2.1 a Parthian slipping

  The horse-archers of the eastern empire; the falling Parthian is a set-piece of battle poetry Horace declines.